Best Cement Suppliers
in
Nether Haugh
We found 4 Cement Suppliers
in Nether Haugh for
you.
Highest rated Cement Suppliers in
Nether Haugh
These
Cement Suppliers have been ranked the best by
their users.
-
7:00 AM - 17:00 PMJewson+44 1226 771065Jewson is a leading company based in Barnstaple, England. They offer a wide range of building and construction services, including dry wall contracting, fence contracting, gypsum product supply, hardware stores, hose supply, insulation contracting, ladder supply, lawn irrigation equipment supply, mulch supply, PVC industry, retaining wall supply, sand and gravel supply, siding contracting, tool rental services, wood supply, crushed stone supply, dry wall supply store, fiberglass supply, lawn equipment rental services, medicine exporting, aggregate supply, insulation material store, building material supply, building material store, cement supply, concrete product supply, construction machine rental services, dirt supply, drilling equipment supply, molding supply, topsoil supply, stone supply, machine and tool rental, builders' merchant, ceiling supply, felt boots store, masonry supply store, plumbing supply store, plywood supply, wood frame supply, brick manufacturing, cement manufacturing, lumber store, building equipment hire services, and clothing and fashion. They also offer machinery and equipment, agriculture, manufacturing and fabrication, food and beverage, and materials and chemicals services.See more
-
8:30 AM - 17:00 PMValbruna UK Ltd+44 114 257 7676Valbruna UK Ltd is a leading metal supplier, stainless steel plant, and steel distributor based in Sheffield, England. They also specialize in providing cement and concrete services, as well as metal construction and processing solutions. Valbruna UK Ltd is a trusted partner for steel construction companies and steel stockholders, offering a wide range of machinery and equipment for manufacturing and fabrication. Their expertise in materials and chemicals makes them a go-to choice for building and construction projects.See more
-
7:00 AM - 17:00 PMCEMEX Sheffield Concrete Plant+44 345 155 6052CEMEX Sheffield Concrete Plant is a leading supplier of construction materials in Sheffield, England. They specialize in providing high-quality asphalt mixing plants, cement, and ready-mix concrete to contractors and construction companies. With their state-of-the-art facilities and experienced team, CEMEX Sheffield Concrete Plant is committed to delivering top-notch products and services to their customers. Whether you need concrete for a small residential project or a large-scale commercial development, CEMEX Sheffield Concrete Plant has the expertise and resources to meet your needs. Contact them today to learn more about their services.See more
-
6:30 AM - 16:30 PMNational Mini Mix+44 114 273 1697National Mini Mix is a reputable company based in Sheffield, England. They specialize in providing high-quality cement and ready mix concrete supplies to their clients. With their team of experienced concrete contractors, they offer reliable and efficient building and construction services. National Mini Mix is committed to delivering excellent customer service and ensuring customer satisfaction. Contact them today for all your building and construction needs.See more
Looking for something specific?
Narrow
down your search by filtering for these attributes
-
Cement Suppliers
in Nether Haugh with customer service
(2)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Nether Haugh with delivery
(2)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Nether Haugh with online ordering
(2)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Nether Haugh with on-site consultation
(1)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Nether Haugh with technical assistance
(1)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Nether Haugh with delivery tracking
(1)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Nether Haugh with warranty
(1)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Nether Haugh with bulk discounts
(1)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Nether Haugh with installation services
(1)
About Cement Suppliers
Introduction to Cement Suppliers
Cement suppliers are businesses that provide construction companies and individuals with the necessary cement for building and construction purposes. These suppliers are responsible for sourcing, producing, and delivering cement to their customers in the desired quantity and quality.Importance of Cement in Building & Construction
Cement is an essential component in building and construction as it is used to bind sand and aggregates together to form concrete. The resulting concrete is then used to construct buildings, roads, bridges, and other structures. Cement provides the strength and durability required for these structures to withstand the test of time.Types of Cement Available
There are several types of cement available, each with its unique properties and uses. These include Ordinary Portland Cement, Sulphate Resistant Cement, Rapid Hardening Cement, and Portland Pozzolana Cement. Cement suppliers should be able to provide information on the different types of cement available and help customers choose the most appropriate one for their particular project.Cement Quality Standards & Certifications
Cement quality standards and certifications are essential to ensure that the cement being supplied meets the necessary quality requirements. In the UK, the British Standards Institution (BSI) provides certifications for cement quality, including the British Standard BS EN 197-1. Cement suppliers should be able to provide customers with information on the quality standards and certifications of the cement that they supply.Cement Packaging & Transportation
Cement suppliers should take great care in packaging and transporting cement to ensure that it arrives at the customer's site in good condition. The cement should be transported in airtight containers to prevent moisture from entering and damaging the cement. The packaging should also be sturdy enough to withstand transportation, handling, and storage.Delivery & Supply Options
Cement suppliers should offer a wide range of delivery and supply options to meet the diverse needs of their customers. These options may include bulk delivery, bagged cement delivery, or pickup from the supplier's location. The delivery timeframe should also be flexible, allowing customers to schedule delivery at a convenient time for them.Pricing & Payment Options
Pricing and payment options should be transparent and competitive, with no hidden fees or charges. Cement suppliers should be able to provide customers with a breakdown of the costs involved in the supply and delivery of cement. Payment options should also be flexible, allowing customers to pay using a variety of methods, including credit cards, bank transfers, and cheques.Customer Service & Support
Excellent customer service and support are crucial for cement suppliers to maintain long-term relationships with their customers. The supplier should be responsive to customer queries and concerns and provide timely assistance in resolving any issues that may arise. The supplier should also provide after-sales service and support, including technical advice on the use of the cement supplied.Sustainability & Environmental Impact of Cement Production
Cement production has a significant environmental impact, and cement suppliers should be aware of this impact and take steps to mitigate it. Suppliers should adopt sustainable production practices, such as reducing emissions, using renewable energy sources, and implementing waste reduction measures. They should also provide information to customers on the environmental impact of cement production and promote the use of eco-friendly construction materials.Future Trends & Innovations in Cement Industry
The cement industry is constantly evolving, and cement suppliers should be aware of the latest trends and innovations. Some of these trends include the use of recycled materials in cement production, the development of low-carbon cement, and the use of technology to improve production and efficiency. Suppliers should stay up-to-date with these trends and incorporate them into their supply chain to provide customers with the latest and most innovative cement products.
How Mimoji works?
We have aggregated all you want to know about any company - in one place!
Pick a keyword
Know exactly what you are looking
for? Just tell us. If you are in doubt, you don't need to enter anything.
Select location
Tell us where to look - so we don't
give you too many options.
Select category
Select which category you are
looking in. There are many to choose from.
View results!!!
Lean back, and let us do the hard
work. Then find exactly what you are looking for among the results.
Cement Suppliers
 in nearby
Locations
Ready
to
travel a little further? Why not consider these
Cement Suppliers
not too far away?
-
Cement Suppliers
in Thorpe Hesley
(6)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Scholes
(5)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Kimberworth
(5)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Thorpe Common
(5)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Templeborough
(5)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Greasbrough
(4)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Park Gate
(4)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Canklow
(4)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Burngreave
(4)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Woodhouse Mill
(4)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Brecks
(3)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Flanderwell
(3)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Sunnyside
(3)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Listerdale
(3)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Ravenfield Common
(3)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Brightside
(3)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Grimesthorpe
(3)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Attercliffe
(3)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Hellaby
(3)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Micklebring
(3)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Brampton en le Morthen
(3)
-
Cement Suppliers
in South Yorkshire
(26)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Rotherham
(2)
-
Cement Suppliers
in West Melton
(2)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Wath upon Dearne
(2)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Longley
(2)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Denaby Main
(2)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Clifton
(2)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Neepsend
(2)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Old Edlington
(2)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Swallownest
(2)
-
Cement Suppliers
in New Edlington
(2)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Laughton-en-le-Morthen
(2)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Rawmarsh
(1)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Aldwarke
(1)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Kilnhurst
(1)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Old Denaby
(1)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Chapeltown
(1)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Ecclesfield
(1)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Carbrook
(1)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Tankersley
(1)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Swaithe
(1)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Darnall
(1)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Ardsley
(1)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Wortley
(1)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Cundy Cross
(1)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Hillsborough
(1)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Lundwood
(1)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Thurcroft
(1)
-
Cement Suppliers
in Walkley
(1)
Didn’t find what you were looking for?
Perhaps
Cement Suppliers wasn’t exactly what you
needed. Why not check
out companies who can help you with this:
-
Double Glazing Installers
in Nether Haugh
(9)
-
Garage Door Services
in Nether Haugh
(9)
-
Railing Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(9)
-
Scrap Metal Merchants
in Nether Haugh
(9)
-
Asbestos Testing Services
in Nether Haugh
(8)
-
Constructions
in Nether Haugh
(8)
-
Granite Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(8)
-
Heating Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(8)
-
Insulation Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(8)
-
Mechanical Plants
in Nether Haugh
(8)
-
Ready Mix Concrete Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(8)
-
Roof Inspection Services
in Nether Haugh
(8)
-
Waterproofing
in Nether Haugh
(8)
-
Building Materials Markets
in Nether Haugh
(7)
-
Concrete Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(7)
-
Geotechnical Engineers
in Nether Haugh
(7)
-
Garden Building Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(7)
-
Gypsum Product Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(7)
-
Metal Fabricators
in Nether Haugh
(7)
-
Paving Materials Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(7)
-
Pvc Windows Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(7)
-
Sand & Gravel Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(7)
-
Asphalt Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(6)
-
Carpet Manufacturers
in Nether Haugh
(6)
-
Chimney Sweeps
in Nether Haugh
(6)
-
Fence Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(6)
-
Metal Construction Companies
in Nether Haugh
(6)
-
Sandblasting Services
in Nether Haugh
(6)
-
Scrap Yards
in Nether Haugh
(6)
-
Shed Builders
in Nether Haugh
(6)
-
Steel Construction Companies
in Nether Haugh
(6)
-
Utility Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(6)
-
Wallpapering
in Nether Haugh
(6)
-
Arborists & Tree Surgeons
in Nether Haugh
(5)
-
Acoustical Consultants
in Nether Haugh
(5)
-
Aerial Photographers
in Nether Haugh
(5)
-
Building Consultants
in Nether Haugh
(5)
-
Concrete Product Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(5)
-
Damp Proofings
in Nether Haugh
(5)
-
Drilling Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(5)
-
Dry Wall Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(5)
-
Fence Supply Stores
in Nether Haugh
(5)
-
Fireplace Manufacturers
in Nether Haugh
(5)
-
Firewood
in Nether Haugh
(5)
-
General Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(5)
-
Interior Fitting Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(5)
-
Marble Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(5)
-
Metal Heat Treating Services
in Nether Haugh
(5)
-
Metal Working Shops
in Nether Haugh
(5)
-
Painters & Decorators
in Nether Haugh
(5)
-
Portable Building Manufacturers
in Nether Haugh
(5)
-
Scaffolders
in Nether Haugh
(5)
-
Sewage Disposal Services
in Nether Haugh
(5)
-
Sheet Metal Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(5)
-
Skip Hires
in Nether Haugh
(5)
-
Sunroom Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(5)
-
Aluminum Windows
in Nether Haugh
(4)
-
Blast Cleaning Services
in Nether Haugh
(4)
-
Building Inspectors
in Nether Haugh
(4)
-
Chimney Services
in Nether Haugh
(4)
-
Crushed Stone Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(4)
-
Dry Wall Supply Stores
in Nether Haugh
(4)
-
Fencing Services
in Nether Haugh
(4)
-
Fiberglass Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(4)
-
Floor Sanding & Polishing Services
in Nether Haugh
(4)
-
Gas Engineers
in Nether Haugh
(4)
-
Gasfitters
in Nether Haugh
(4)
-
Gazebo Builders
in Nether Haugh
(4)
-
Landscapers
in Nether Haugh
(4)
-
Logging Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(4)
-
Marble Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(4)
-
Microwave Oven Repair Services
in Nether Haugh
(4)
-
Painters
in Nether Haugh
(4)
-
Roofing Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(4)
-
Skylight Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(4)
-
Stucco Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(4)
-
Wood & Laminate Flooring Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(4)
-
Wood Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(4)
-
Asphalt Mixing Plants
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Boiler Services & Repairs
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Building Firms
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Building Materials Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Building Surveyors
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Ceiling Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Construction Material Wholesalers
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Door Shops
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Drains
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Dock Builders
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Earth Works Companies
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Elevator Services
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Electrical Installation Services
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Electricians
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Excavating Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Excavation Services
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Firewood Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Flooring
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Garage Door Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Garage Services
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Gardens
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Gardening
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Gas Shops
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Metal Processing Companies
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Metal Stamping Services
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Mausoleum Builders
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Millwork Shops
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Patio Enclosure Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Paving & Driveways
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Plasterers
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Pipe Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Quarries
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Reclamation Centres
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Roofing Services
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Scaffolding Services
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Tile Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Tiling
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Well Drilling Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Window Installation Services
in Nether Haugh
(3)
-
Brick Manufacturers
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Bricklayers
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Bathroom Design & Installations
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Building Equipment Hire Services
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Carpenters
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Carpet Fitters
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Carpet Installation Services
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Concrete Factories
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Countertop Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Drainage Services
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Demolition Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Fireplace Services
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Finishing Materials Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Floor Refinishing Services
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Flooring Stores
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Garages
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Fountain Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Golf Course Builders
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Groundwork Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Grout Services
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Hose Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Home Builders
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Heating Equipment Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Home Window Tintings
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Joiners
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Kitchen Planning & Installation Services
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Interior Doors
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Landscape Architects
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Lawn Sprinkler System Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Landscape Designers
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Lighting Consultants
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Lighting Fixtures & Equipment Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Line Marking Services
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Mechanical Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Metal Finishers
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Loft Conversion Services
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Modular Home Builders
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Modular Home Dealers
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Paving Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Plumbers' Merchant Services
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Powder Coating Services
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Railroad Ties Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Prefabricated House Companies
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Remodelers
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Salvage & Reclamation Services
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Roof Repair Services
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Self Service Car Washes
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Retaining Wall Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Septic System Services
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Shopfitters
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Stair Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Stone Cutters
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Surveyors
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Window Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Wood Frame Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(2)
-
Steelwork Design Companies
in Nether Haugh
(12)
-
Air Conditioning Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(11)
-
Conservatory Construction Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(11)
-
Steel Erectors
in Nether Haugh
(11)
-
Door Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(10)
-
Glaziers
in Nether Haugh
(10)
-
Steel Stockholders
in Nether Haugh
(10)
-
Architects
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Auditoriums
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Aluminum Frames Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Asbestos Removals
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Awning Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Bark Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Bathroom Remodelers
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Bathroom Supply Stores
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Builders' Merchants
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Building Materials Stores
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Building Supplies
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Cement Manufacturers
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Ceramic Manufacturers
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Ceramics Wholesalers
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Carpet Wholesalers
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Concrete Metal Framework Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Conservatories
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Construction Companies
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Countertop Stores
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Custom Home Builders
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Drywall Installation & Repairs
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Door Manufacturers
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Door Sales & Installation Services
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Fences & Gates
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Fencings
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Fiberglass Repair Services
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Engineerings
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Fireplace Stores
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Garage Builders
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Garden Services
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Glass & Mirror Shops
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Glass & Mirrors
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Glass Block Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Gas Logs Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Glass Merchants
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Gasket Manufacturers
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Glass Repair Services
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Gutter Services
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Hot Tub Repair Services
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Hot Tub Stores
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Hot Water System Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Waterproofing Services
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Joinery Manufacturers
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Iron Steel Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Kitchen Remodelers
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Iron Works
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Insulation Installations
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Landscape Lighting Designers
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Landscaping Services
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Mechanics
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Marquee Hire Services
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Masonry Supply Stores
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Metal Polishing Services
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Metal Workshops
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Mobile Dent Repairs
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Neon Sign Shops
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Office Refurbishment Services
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Patio Coverings
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Plywood Suppliers
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Pond Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Refinishing Services
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Roofing Supply Stores
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Scaffolding Rental Services
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Siding Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Stall Installation Services
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Structural Engineers
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Stucco Services
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Tile Manufacturers
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Swimming Pool Contractors
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Swimming Pool Repair Services
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Wood Floor Installation Services
in Nether Haugh
(1)
-
Wood Floor Refinishing Services
in Nether Haugh
(1)